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Legislature
Improves Response to Domestic Violence, Provides for Data Collection
In December 2001, a 24-bill domestic
violence legislative package was signed into law that offers important
new protections for victims of domestic and dating violence. Several key
provisions took effect October 1, 2002:
Standard
Domestic Relationship Incident Report Form
Each year in Michigan, scores of domestic violence victims are murdered
by their abusers. Thousands more suffer physical violence, sexual violence,
home invasion, property damage, stalking, or other criminal law violations
perpetrated by their abusers. Abusers often escape accountability for
the crimes and victims are not adequately protected if the prosecutor
does not have the information and evidence necessary to effectively proceed
with the prosecution. The new law addresses this by requiring all Michigan
law enforcement officers to use the State
of Michigan Standard Domestic Relationship Incident Form or a substantially
similar form, to report a domestic violence incident. (2001 PA 207, amending
MCL 764.15c)
By providing prompts, checklists, diagrams, and other aids, the standard
report form will promote improved, effective and consistent investigations
that should improve the criminal justice system response to domestic violence
in Michigan. The standard report form was developed by Michigan
State Police (MSP), in consultation with MDVPTB staff, prosecutors,
law enforcement officers and domestic violence service providers who have
extensive experience with domestic violence cases.
The State of Michigan Standard Domestic Relationship Incident Form, and
a memorandum
cosigned by MSP, Michigan
Commission on Law Enforcement Standards (MCOLES), MDVPTB,
and Prosecuting
Attorneys Association of Michigan (PAAM), discussing local implementation
of the form, were distributed statewide at the end of August 2002 to 677
law enforcement agencies, 64 MSP command posts, 83 county prosecutors'
offices, 50 domestic violence service provider agencies, 60 local domestic
violence coordinating councils, and to organizations representing municipal/township
attorneys and Native American law enforcement agencies.
Criminal
history reporting requirements to include PPO/FPO contempt convictions
The Michigan State Police must maintain fingerprint and criminal history
records of criminal contempt convictions for violations of personal protection
orders and foreign protection orders. (2001
PA 187, 203, amending MCL 28.241, 28.241a, 28.242, 28.243, and 28.243a,
and adding MCL 28.248)
Domestic
violence crime reports data expanded
Crime reports data required to be reported by local law enforcement to
the Michigan State
Police (MSP) have been expanded to include any crime where the alleged
perpetrator has one of the following relationships with the victim: spouse;
former spouse; have had a child in common; current or former resident
of same household; or current or former dating partner. The expanded domestic
violence crime reports data provide a more accurate picture of the nature
and prevalence of domestic violence crimes in Michigan. (2001 PA 191,
amending MCL 28.257)
Fatality
Review Teams
The new laws now authorize the state and/or counties to establish interagency
teams to review fatal and near-fatal domestic violence incidents, including
suicides. (2001
PA 192, adding MCL 400.1511)
Dating
violence provisions and other changes that took effect April 1
Dating Violence
Criminal justice protections against domestic violence were extended to
persons in dating relationships. Legislation
that took effect April 1, 2002 expands the relationships covered by the
domestic assault statutes to include persons in current or former dating
relationships with the alleged perpetrator. Individuals charged under
these statutes (MCL 750.81, governing assault in a domestic relationship;
MCL 750.81a, governing aggravated assault in a domestic relationship)
are now subject to restrictions on interim bond and to charging and sentencing
enhancements based on prior convictions for misdemeanor and felony assaultive
crimes in a domestic relationship, including convictions entered in other
states. Amendments to MCL 780.582a provide that in setting interim bond,
the judge or magistrate must consider and may impose the condition that
the person released shall not have or attempt to have contact of any kind
with the victim, pending formal arraignment. The amendments to MCL 750.81
also increase the prison term for assault and battery from 90 to 93 days
in all cases, triggering warrantless arrest authority under MCL 764.15(1)(d)
and 764.15a. This change permits police to arrest at the scene of the
crime without first determining the relationship between the alleged perpetrator
and victim. (2001 PA 189-190, 198) (See
a related story on dating violence educational materials being created
for high school students).
Personal
Protection Orders (PPO): Full Faith and Credit (FFC)
Michigan courts and law enforcement agencies now must enforce valid protection
orders issued in other states, Indian tribes, and U.S. territories as
if they had been issued in Michigan. (2001 PA 197, 206, adding MCL 600.2950h
- 600.2950m, 2001 PA 211, amending MCL 764.15) The full text of these
statutes are posted on the Michigan
Legislature's Web site. Also, Michigan PPOs and Michigan criminal
bond or probation protection orders are enforceable in other state and
tribal jurisdictions (2001 PA, 200, 201, 202, 209, 211, amending MCL 600.2950,
600.2950a, 600.2529, 764.15b, 712A)
Child
Custody
The new laws change procedures for resolving child custody disputes when
one or both parents reside outside of Michigan. Among other changes, the
Uniform
Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA) authorizes
Michigan courts to take temporary, emergency jurisdiction of a child custody
matter if the child is present here and has been abandoned, or if it is
necessary in an emergency to protect the child because the child, or a
sibling or parent of the child, is subjected to or threatened with mistreatment
or abuse. (2001 PA 195) The full text of this public act is posted on
the Michigan
Legislature's Web site.
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MDVPTB
helps agencies implement the domestic violence legislative package
Training on new laws
MDVPTB, in collaboration with the Prosecuting
Attorney's Association of Michigan (PAAM), Michigan Coalition Against
Domestic and Sexual Violence (MCADSV), and the Michigan State Police presented
five regional trainings on the new laws for law enforcement officers,
prosecutors, court personnel and domestic violence service providers.
A Power Point presentation provided descriptions of the new laws and scenarios
to explain their application. The well-attended trainings, all held in
March 2002, took place in Saginaw, Grand Rapids, Marquette, Troy and Roscommon.
Updated
forms developed by SCAO
The State
Court Administrative Office (SCAO) revised several PPO and other forms
to accommodate the new domestic violence laws. PPO and bond forms have
been amended to facilitate enforcement in other states, under the Full
Faith and Credit Provisions of Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) and
Michigan's new FFC laws (See 2001 PA 206, 197, 209, 212, 211, 202, 200,
201.). Bond forms have been amended to capture the new interim bond provisions
in 2001 PA 198, amending MCL 780.582a. A complete list of revised forms
appears on the SCAO
Web site. To access individual forms from this location, click first
on "forms," and then on "personal protection," "criminal-general,"
"juvenile," or "probation."
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Michigan
Personal Protection Orders are now going into the National Crime Information
Center (NCIC) database
To facilitate enforcement of Michigan personal protection orders (PPOs)
in other states and tribal jurisdictions, beginning in 2002 Michigan PPOs
are now entered into the National
Crime Information Center's (NCIC) National Protection Order File,
maintained by the FBI. A protection order in NCIC can be accessed by law
enforcement anywhere in the United States.
When a Michigan
PPO is entered into the Law Enforcement Information Network (LEIN), it
is forwarded to the NCIC National Protection Order File. An ex-parte PPO
is entered into NCIC as a "temporary order." Unless the ex-parte
PPO is served, and the proof of service is provided to the LEIN-entering
agency, the PPO will be removed from NCIC one year after the issuance
date. To keep the PPO in NCIC until the PPO expiration date, a protected
party (petitioner) must confirm that her/his PPO is served on the restrained
party (respondent), and that the proof of service is given to the LEIN-entering
agency. Court personnel, prosecutors, law enforcement officers, domestic
violence service providers, and others who assist petitioners to obtain
PPOs are asked to advise petitioners about the importance of having the
PPO served and providing the proof of service to the LEIN-entering agency.
Also, NCIC
requires a numeric identifier for each respondent. Those assisting petitioners
are reminded to ask petitioners to provide the respondent's full date
of birth or one of the following: social security number, operator's license
number, license plate number +license plate type, Vehicle Identification
Number + vehicle make+ vehicle style. Any other identifying information,
such as physical identifiers + age, may assist a LEIN operator to obtain
a numeric identifier for respondent, if the petitioner does not have any
of the listed numeric identifiers.
As an added
benefit, entering a PPO into NCIC makes the PPO available through the
National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS), for purposes
of approving or denying firearms purchases in Michigan and other states.
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New
education and training opportunities available for mediators, high school
students and the public
Training materials for domestic relations mediators now available
The State
Court Administrative Office (SCAO) has developed guidelines and training
materials for the mandatory domestic violence training for mediators who
wish to handle domestic relations cases under MCR 3.216. The guidelines
describe the qualifications for trainers and the content of the training.
The guidelines and materials were developed by SCAO
in consultation with MDVPTB,
Michigan Coalition Against
Domestic and Sexual Violence (MCADSV), and other individuals and organizations
recognized for domestic violence or mediation expertise. For more information,
look for links on the SCAO
Web site.
MDVPTB
distributing new Dating Violence Youth Education Package
MDVPTB
is sending a newly developed Dating Violence Youth Education Package to
all Michigan high schools in the next month. The package was recommended
by the Governor's Task Force on Domestic Violence Homicide Prevention
and is also based on the new laws that add protections for dating violence
survivors of any age. The 35-page package contains background information
for educators as well as a variety of lesson plans and handouts for students
that make it possible to present the information within the context of
regular school curricula. It encourages equality-based dating relationships,
gives teenagers tools to identify potentially dangerous relationships
and ways to find help for themselves or others.
The Dating Violence Youth Education Package promotes non-controlling and
non-violent behavior as overarching characteristics of intimate relationships.
To produce the package, MDVPTB staff reviewed existing materials and consulted
with experts from around the country. The Dating Violence Youth Education
Package will soon be available on MDVPTB's Web site.
Free domestic
and sexual violence materials are available to the public
Anyone in Michigan can find excellent educational materials about domestic
and sexual violence - FREE of CHARGE - at the Michigan Department of Community
Health, Health Promotions Clearinghouse. These materials, developed collaboratively
by the MDVPTB, Michigan
Department of Community Health and Michigan
Women's Commission, include brochures, a mirror cling, posters and
wallet cards. The brochures available are: Stalking - Understand Your
Rights; A Guide to Personal Protection Orders; A Relationship
is No Place for Violence (dating violence); and Safety Tips
(Spanish and English). To view the materials, go to the Clearinghouse
Web page, scroll down to the "violence" category and select
what interests you. You can also call 1-800-353-8227 to place an order.
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Featured
Initiative: Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners (SANE) Programs
In each edition of the MDVPTB e-Report, we will be highlighting an
initiative that demonstrates exceptional efforts to improve safety for
survivors of domestic and sexual violence and increase accountability
for the perpetrators of these crimes. In this edition, we are featuring
Michigan's Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) programs.
Until recently,
a sexual assault victim might have to spend hours in a hospital emergency
room waiting for medical staff to perform a forensic evidence collection
procedure. In hospitals or community settings, Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner
(SANE) programs reduce waiting times and examinations are conducted by
specially trained nurses, often in areas away from other emergency room
patients. Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners collect evidence in sexual assault
cases as a routine part of their jobs. Their experience decreases the
potential for error in the collection of evidence that is often critical
to the prosecution of sexual assault cases. Their training also helps
them positively respond to the emotional trauma that victims often feel.
Communities
and sexual assault survivors both benefit from SANE programs. Developing
a SANE program requires professionals from different community agencies
to collaborate. They are often a catalyst for focusing multidisciplinary
responses to eliminate sexual violence.
MDVPTB fully
or partially funds many SANE programs across the state with either Rape
Prevention Services dollars or S*T*O*P
funds. MDVPTB's list of SANE programs can be found at our Web
site. Click
here to view information about the Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner Resource
Guide, a manual for communities interested in starting a SANE Program.
The Michigan
SANE Council has scheduled its first forensic nursing training session
in Michigan for November 3-7, 2002, and expects to provide similar sessions
twice a year in Michigan. The seminars will follow guidelines as set forth
by the International
Association of Forensic Nursing (IAFN). The sessions will allow Michigan
nurses to receive this very important training with no out-of-state travel
costs. For more information about the Michigan SANE Council's educational
efforts, contact Sue Shattuck at SueS@aplaceforwomen.org.
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